The emergence of copyleft and FLOSS licences
10 hours
Keywords
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FLOSS licences
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Free/Libre Open-Source Software
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Political economy
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Copyleft
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FLOSS movement
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Licence framework
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FLOSS culture
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Netizenship
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GPL
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EUPL
Learning Objectives
- Copyright and author's rights have been the target of criticism, with the development of technologies that facilitate information copying and sharing
- The goals of copyleft and FLOSS serve educational communities and content
- The Creative Commons framework aimed at authors who prefer to share their work and enrich the common heritage (the Commons) can be activated
Materials
- Personal computer (Smartphone or tablet connected to the Internet)
- Internet connexion
- Beamer
- Paper and pens
- Flipchart
- Slidewiki Academy
Introduction
"All rights reserved", "Trademark", "patent", "copying or reproduction limited to strictly private use" ... When we talk about "culture", we are always brought back to the notion of appropriation (property), in this case, intellectual. Yet, the trend in free culture, is that ideas belong to everyone, and are, to a small extent like the air and water, our basic needs. The copyleft culture, also called free culture, was born from the world of software and the many contributors who had one thing in common: their sense of the common good.
The expression "free software" refers to freedom, not price. To understand the concept, you have to think of "freedom of expression", not "free access". Inspired by this innovative way of thinking about how to handle creative output, other initiatives have gradually moved copyleft out of the software world.
Context
The goal of the session is to practically demonstrate and engage learners on how:
- Copyright and author's rights have been the target of criticism, with the development of technologies that facilitate information copying and sharing.
- The goals of copyleft and FLOSS serve educational communities and content.
- The Creative Commons framework aimed at authors who prefer to share their work and enrich the common heritage (the Commons) can be activated.
The learner will be able to describe the ethical, legal, social, economic, and impact arguments for and against FLOSS licencing. After deciding which licence/platforms/tools/services are most useful for themselves and their community, the researcher will develop a personal profile for showcasing their research profile and outputs.
The sessions will provide a historical and policy framework of FLOSS licences and promote their in Adult Education. It will stimulate the intentional participation in the free and open culture as part of the Netizenship through specific platforms and tools.
Sessions
First session: Copywhat ? Understanding and use of FLOSS licences
This session will provide a historical and policy framework of copyleft and FLOSS licences. Understanding and being able to put in use FLOSS licences as a tool for evolving property, community and copyright questions around society and technology. Participants will be able to identify copyleft and FLOSS licences and recognise their goals.
Second session: FLOSS licences in real life scenarios is everywhere
The second session will aim at setting the context around FLOSS licences with actual case studies Participants will engage in a critical analysis of the use of FLOSS licences in various entities (EU and international) and design an initial licence policy for their own organisation.
Third session: FLOSS licences for open education, art and collective learning
This session will allow for a critical analysis of the importance of FLOSS licences in the field of non-formal training. It will continue by examining the advantages of copyleft and free licences in different educational environments and connect participants with existing FLOSS licencing movements.
Presentation
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Copywhat ? Understanding and use of FLOSS licences
180 min
Learning Objectives
- Map and explore the main concepts behind FLOSS licences
- Understand the interdependence of various FLOSS and non-FLOSS licences
- Discover the ethical, legal, social, economic arguments for and against FLOSS licences
- Decide which licence/platforms/ are most useful for themselves and their project, and community
Introduction
Trainer will start the introduction to the module by asking participants about their current and previous experiences to copyright and copyleft. Answers will be documented and then reused to customize the training material.
The emergence of copyleft
Networks constitute the new social morphology of our societies, and the diffusion of networking logic substantially modifies the operations and outcomes in processes of production, experience of power and culture.” says philosopher Manuel Castels. This process is at the same time a threat and opportunity around “enclosing the commons of the mind” (see: J. Boyle, The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2008), 221). A counter to enclosing the commons of the mind is the emergence of copyleft licenses. A copyleft license employs copyright law to maintain the openness of intellectual property. The first license, the GNU General Public Licenses (GNU GPL), was born out of the FLOSS movement. An open content licensing system by Creative Commons (CC) did for cultural content what GNU GPL did for software; maintain its openness. The goal of these licenses is to maximize the use of information while minimizing transaction costs.
Distinguishing a copyleft license
In this activity, we will revisit the documentation results of the introductory session in order to Distinguishing a copyleft license.
Homework
Participants should study the Wikipedia Copyleft article in the language of their choice and then complete the External Links session with an example of their own.
References
- A collection of related resources is available on a collective - social bookmarking space: Diigo - eCulture.
- CNU - Licenses - Copyleft.
- The Ethical Open Source Licence.
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FLOSS licences for open education, art and collective learning
240 min
Learning Objectives
- Provide a critical analysis of the importance of FLOSS licences for open education, art and collective learning.
- Examine the use and advantages of FLOSS licences in education and art
- Foster learners'active and creative engagement through FLOSS licences
- Motivate participants to adopt FLOSS licences in their current and future education activities
Introduction
Participants will brainstorm on licences and education initiatives around them. Answers will be documented and then reused to customize the training material.
FLOSS licensing in art and education
In 1999, the novel Q appeared under the name of Luther Blissett, known previously as the collective moniker of an Italian media prankster project. This allegorical account of Italian subculture in the form of a historical thriller set in 16th century Italy, Q became a national no.1 best-seller and subsequently appeared in French, German and English translations. Obviously, the sales didn’t suffer at all from the fact that the imprint of the book permitted anyone to freely copy it for non-commercial purposes. The book was not released by an underground publisher, but by the well-established publishing houses Einaudi in Italy, Editions du Seul in France and Piper in Germany, amongst others who apparently didn’t mind giving up traditional copyright-granted distribution models for a promising publication.
Another example, in a different, focus is the European (as open education and art repository).The Europeana Licensing Framework for example standardises and harmonise rights related information and practices under a custom data exchange agreement. The DEA structures the relationship between Europeana and its data providers. The DEA establishes that Europeana publishes metadata it receives from its data providers under the terms of the Creative Commons Zero Universal Public Domain Dedication (CC0). Read more about CC0 and data use guidelines.
Knowledge and creativity are resources which, to be true to themselves, must remain free, i.e. remain a fundamental search which is not directly related to a concrete application. Creating means discovering the unknown, means inventing a reality without any heed to realism. Thus, the object(ive) of art is not equivalent to the finished and defined art object. This is the basic aim of this Free Art License: to promote and protect artistic practice freed from the rules of the market economy. Free Art License Preamble version 1.2.
Examples
- Watch the talk of Gwenn Seemel: In defense of imitation. Study, document and discuss her arguments. Explore on how the artist is making her living. Create a common document with all participants, share it with others. (alternative).
- Collective scenarios for OEP - Open Education scenarios (group work). The activity will focus on an exemplary selection of applications of the paradigm of open educational practices.
Homework
Search in the Zenodo open repository and find your three favourite papers on FLOSS and education. Document and/or post a comment on them.
References
- Guide To Open Content Licenses by Lawrence Liang.
- Steal this Film and projects.
- Biella Coleman, The Social Creation of Productive Freedom: Free Software Hacking and the Redefinition of Labor, Authorship, and Creativity.
- unglue.it: To pay an author or publisher for publishing a Creative Commons ebook.
- DIS: The future of learning is much more important than the future of education. DIS is a streaming platform for entertainment and education — edutainment. We enlist leading artists and thinkers to expand the reach of key conversations bubbling up through contemporary art, culture, activism, philosophy, and technology. Every video proposes something — a solution, a question — a way to think about our shifting reality.
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FLOSS licences in real life scenarios
180 min
Learning Objectives
- Provide examples of FLOSS licences in real life scenarios
- Analyse the impact of the use of FLOSS licences
- Discover the connection with the EU policy framework on copyright
- Motivate educated policy contribution in the FLOSS area
Introduction: “How is your project licensed today?”
Trainer will start the introduction to the module by asking participants about the licensing initiatives around them - mostly coming from other organisations or the EU. Answers will be documented and then reused to customize the training material.
FLOSS in real life scenarios
How are the projects below licenced?
- Farm Hack.
- Open Motors.
- Fold-it.
- Open Insulin Project.
- Wikihouse.
- Any wikipedia article.
More licenses and concepts:
An EU policy framework for FLOSS licenses
Presentation and analysis of the main EU FLOSS policy initiatives including the European Union Public Licence (the ‘EUPL’) applies to the Work (as defined below) which is provided under the terms of this Licence. Any use of the Work, other than as authorised under this Licence is prohibited (to the extent such use is covered by a right of the copyright holder of the Work). Compatibility and interoperability. https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/collection/eupl/news/understanding-eupl-v12 https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/collection/eupl/news/eupl-or-gplv3-comparison-t
Your license to save the world
Everyone opens his/her laptop Join a group to design and share your policy proposal for a license that you think will make the world a better place to live in. Choose a theme and try to find ways and solutions as to license products with your intention. We will use platform design techniques to document ideas and challenges for these licenses.
Homework
See in the following video: Free software, free society: Richard Stallman at TEDxGeneva 2014, and then post in the comments section another video that explains - demonstrates similar arguments. Share your thoughts on the new video.
References
- "How to choose a license for your own work". Free Software Foundation's Licensing and Compliance Lab.
- Free software, free society: Richard Stallman at TEDxGeneva 2014.
- The open data institute.